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What are the manufacturing process steps of precision metal stamping parts?
by：Foxron
2021-09-23
With the development of numerical control stamping equipment, sheet metal stamping technology is developing in a diversified direction. The punching and shearing composite process has created a new field, which is especially suitable for meeting the flexible needs of small and medium batches. The punching and shearing composite process refers to the process of punching parts with high surface roughness and high precision through one punching stroke. It is currently widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobiles, machinery, shipbuilding, home appliances, etc.
1. Stamping parts design
(1) The result of the design and implementation of stamping parts is a three-dimensional entity with related concepts such as color, material, hardness, shape, size, position, related parts, and manufacturing process.
(2) The emergence of computer technology directly starts design with a three-dimensional concept, which can more intuitively and accurately express all geometric parameters of the design concept, and the entire design process can be completely discussed on the three-dimensional model.
(3) Computer technology can help stamping engineers rationalize the design process from the perspective of design and manufacturing, and gradually create stamping parts from the generation of sheet materials and the completion of various processes.
(4) It can be regarded as a virtual environment for stamping parts. Engineers can design and assemble parts directly on the computer screen. The virtual production process is almost the same as the real process.
(5) After the design of a single stamping part is completed, three-dimensional models of multiple parts can be simulated and assembled, thereby greatly shortening the design and cycle.
Two, stamping parts unfold
After the stamping parts are designed for ease of manufacture, they must be converted into expanded drawings to determine the required sheet size and shape of the sheet. (1) The amount of operation of computer-aided design is small, and the expansion process is completely controlled by the computer.
(2) The efficiency of computer-aided design is high, which avoids errors that are easy for engineers to produce during deployment.
(3) The computer-aided design has high precision, and the expansion data is completely calculated by the computer, which avoids a large amount of material costs.
Three, choose stamping oil products
Stamping oil plays a key role in the stamping process. Good cooling performance and extreme pressure wear resistance have made a qualitative leap in improving the service life of the mold and the accuracy of the workpiece. The selection should be matched according to the raw material of the workpiece:
(1) When selecting stamping oil for carbon steel plates, the best viscosity should be determined according to the process difficulty and degreasing conditions.
(2) Because of the chemical reaction with chlorine-based additives, when selecting stamping oil for galvanized steel sheets, attention should be paid to the possibility of white rust in the chlorine stamping oil, while the use of Yida Borun sulfur stamping oil can avoid the problem of white rust. Rust problem, but should be degreased as soon as possible after stamping.
(3) Stainless steel is a material that is prone to hardening, and it is required to use drawing oil with high oil film strength and good sintering resistance. Generally, stamping oil containing sulfur and chlorine compound additives is used to avoid problems such as burrs and cracks on the workpiece while ensuring the extreme pressure performance.
Fourth, stamping sheet blanking
(1) The cutting machine is used to cut out the length and width dimensions of the unfolded drawing. If there is punching and corner cutting, then turn the punching machine and die punching and corner cutting to form.
(2) Punch blanking is the use of a punch to punch out the structure of the flat part after the parts are unfolded on the plate in one or more steps. Its advantage is that it is time-consuming and efficient, and is often used in mass manufacturing.
(3) CNC programming is first required for CNC blanking, and the drawn unfolded drawing should be compiled into content that can be recognized by the CNC machine tool, and the structure and shape of the flat part can be punched out step by step according to these content.
(4) Laser cutting is the use of laser cutting to cut out the structure and shape of the plate on a sheet.
Five, machine tool plate punching
The general punching process includes punching and cutting corners, punching and blanking, punching convex hull, punching and tearing, and punching holes. In order to meet the requirements of each process, corresponding molds are required to complete the operation, such as convex hulls. Molds, tear forming molds, etc.
VI. Plate tapping and riveting
Flanging is to draw a larger hole from a smaller base hole, and then tap the hole. Doing so can increase its strength and avoid slippage. Pressure riveting often uses pressure riveting studs, pressure riveting nuts, pressure riveting screws, etc. The pressure riveting method is generally completed by a punch or hydraulic pressure riveting machine, and riveting them to the stamping parts.
Seven, three-dimensional bending of panels
Bending is to fold the flat part into a solid part, which requires a folding bed and corresponding bending molds to complete the operation. It also has a certain bending sequence, and its principle is to fold first that does not interfere with the next cut, and then fold back that interferes.
8. Workpiece surface treatment
Surface treatment generally includes phosphating film, electroplating colorful zinc, chromate, baking varnish, oxidation, etc. Phosphating film is generally used for cold-rolled plates and electrolytic plates, and its function is mainly to plate a protective film on the surface of the material to prevent oxidation; electroplated zinc is generally treated with cold-rolled plates; chromate and oxidation are general Used for surface treatment of aluminum plates and aluminum profiles.
1. Stamping parts design
(1) The result of the design and implementation of stamping parts is a three-dimensional entity with related concepts such as color, material, hardness, shape, size, position, related parts, and manufacturing process.
(2) The emergence of computer technology directly starts design with a three-dimensional concept, which can more intuitively and accurately express all geometric parameters of the design concept, and the entire design process can be completely discussed on the three-dimensional model.
(3) Computer technology can help stamping engineers rationalize the design process from the perspective of design and manufacturing, and gradually create stamping parts from the generation of sheet materials and the completion of various processes.
(4) It can be regarded as a virtual environment for stamping parts. Engineers can design and assemble parts directly on the computer screen. The virtual production process is almost the same as the real process.
(5) After the design of a single stamping part is completed, three-dimensional models of multiple parts can be simulated and assembled, thereby greatly shortening the design and cycle.
Two, stamping parts unfold
After the stamping parts are designed for ease of manufacture, they must be converted into expanded drawings to determine the required sheet size and shape of the sheet. (1) The amount of operation of computer-aided design is small, and the expansion process is completely controlled by the computer.
(2) The efficiency of computer-aided design is high, which avoids errors that are easy for engineers to produce during deployment.
(3) The computer-aided design has high precision, and the expansion data is completely calculated by the computer, which avoids a large amount of material costs.
Three, choose stamping oil products
Stamping oil plays a key role in the stamping process. Good cooling performance and extreme pressure wear resistance have made a qualitative leap in improving the service life of the mold and the accuracy of the workpiece. The selection should be matched according to the raw material of the workpiece:
(1) When selecting stamping oil for carbon steel plates, the best viscosity should be determined according to the process difficulty and degreasing conditions.
(2) Because of the chemical reaction with chlorine-based additives, when selecting stamping oil for galvanized steel sheets, attention should be paid to the possibility of white rust in the chlorine stamping oil, while the use of Yida Borun sulfur stamping oil can avoid the problem of white rust. Rust problem, but should be degreased as soon as possible after stamping.
(3) Stainless steel is a material that is prone to hardening, and it is required to use drawing oil with high oil film strength and good sintering resistance. Generally, stamping oil containing sulfur and chlorine compound additives is used to avoid problems such as burrs and cracks on the workpiece while ensuring the extreme pressure performance.
Fourth, stamping sheet blanking
(1) The cutting machine is used to cut out the length and width dimensions of the unfolded drawing. If there is punching and corner cutting, then turn the punching machine and die punching and corner cutting to form.
(2) Punch blanking is the use of a punch to punch out the structure of the flat part after the parts are unfolded on the plate in one or more steps. Its advantage is that it is time-consuming and efficient, and is often used in mass manufacturing.
(3) CNC programming is first required for CNC blanking, and the drawn unfolded drawing should be compiled into content that can be recognized by the CNC machine tool, and the structure and shape of the flat part can be punched out step by step according to these content.
(4) Laser cutting is the use of laser cutting to cut out the structure and shape of the plate on a sheet.
Five, machine tool plate punching
The general punching process includes punching and cutting corners, punching and blanking, punching convex hull, punching and tearing, and punching holes. In order to meet the requirements of each process, corresponding molds are required to complete the operation, such as convex hulls. Molds, tear forming molds, etc.
VI. Plate tapping and riveting
Flanging is to draw a larger hole from a smaller base hole, and then tap the hole. Doing so can increase its strength and avoid slippage. Pressure riveting often uses pressure riveting studs, pressure riveting nuts, pressure riveting screws, etc. The pressure riveting method is generally completed by a punch or hydraulic pressure riveting machine, and riveting them to the stamping parts.
Seven, three-dimensional bending of panels
Bending is to fold the flat part into a solid part, which requires a folding bed and corresponding bending molds to complete the operation. It also has a certain bending sequence, and its principle is to fold first that does not interfere with the next cut, and then fold back that interferes.
8. Workpiece surface treatment
Surface treatment generally includes phosphating film, electroplating colorful zinc, chromate, baking varnish, oxidation, etc. Phosphating film is generally used for cold-rolled plates and electrolytic plates, and its function is mainly to plate a protective film on the surface of the material to prevent oxidation; electroplated zinc is generally treated with cold-rolled plates; chromate and oxidation are general Used for surface treatment of aluminum plates and aluminum profiles.
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