Common machining methods

01Turning


Turning is mainly due to the rotation of the workpiece, the workpiece is cut into the required shape by the turning tool.


When the tool moves along the parallel axis of rotation, inner and outer cylindrical surfaces can be obtained.


The formation of the conical surface is the movement of the tool along an oblique line intersecting the axis.


The formation of the rotating surface is a profiling lathe or a numerical control lathe, which controls the tool to feed along a curve and the production of another rotating surface, which uses a forming tool with lateral feed.


In addition to machining threaded surfaces, end planes and eccentric shafts, turning can also be used


02 Milling


Milling processing mainly relies on the rotation of the tool. Milling is divided into horizontal milling and vertical milling. The plane of horizontal milling is formed by the edge on the outer surface of the milling cutter, and the end milling is formed by the end edge of the milling cutter.


If you want to obtain a higher cutting speed and increase productivity, you can increase the speed of the milling cutter.


However, due to the cutting-in and cutting-out of the cutter teeth of the milling cutter, the impact is formed, and the cutting process is prone to vibration, which limits the improvement of the surface quality.


03 Planing


Planing mainly refers to the cutting of the workpiece by the tool's reciprocating linear motion.


As a result, the speed of planing is relatively low, resulting in low productivity.


But the precision and surface roughness of planing are more stable than those of milling.


04Grinding


Grinding processing mainly relies on the grinding wheel and abrasive tools to process the workpiece, and it relies on the rotation of the grinding wheel.


When the grinding wheel is grinding, it mainly has three functions of cutting, engraving and sliding on the surface of the workpiece by the abrasive particles on the grinding wheel.


The abrasive particles themselves gradually become blunt from sharp points, which makes the cutting effect worse and the cutting force becomes larger.


Therefore, after grinding for a certain period of time, it is necessary to use a diamond turning tool to dress the grinding wheel.


05 Tooth surface machining


Tooth surface processing is a new processing method. This processing method is divided into two categories: one is the forming method, and the other is the generative method.


The forming method mainly uses ordinary milling machines for processing, and the tool is a forming milling cutter, which requires two simple forming motions: the rotary motion and the linear motion of the tool.


The commonly used machine tools for tooth surface processing by the generative method are gear hobbing machines, gear shaping machines, etc.


06Complicated surface machining


For the processing of complex curved surfaces, CNC machine tools come in handy.


Cutting of three-dimensional curved surfaces mainly adopts profiling milling and numerical control milling methods or special processing methods


Profile milling must have a prototype as a model.


The ball head profiling head in the machining process has been in contact with the prototype surface with a certain pressure.


The movement of the profiling head is transformed into inductance, and the machining amplification controls the movement of the three axes of the milling machine to form the trajectory of the cutter head along the curved surface.


Milling cutters are mostly ball-end milling cutters with the same radius as the profiling head.


The emergence of numerical control technology provides a more effective method for surface processing.


07Special processing


This kind of machining is a mechanical machining method that is different from traditional cutting. Special machining can use physical (electrical, acoustic, optical, thermal, magnetic), chemical or electrochemical methods to process the workpiece material, so that the workpiece becomes us The desired shape.