Selection of CNC tools and clamping methods for mechanical processing plants

When machining a workpiece in a mechanical processing plant, to obtain a relatively high accuracy of the workpiece, the correct tool must be selected to cut the workpiece. There are many main factors that should be considered when selecting a tool. The first is the material and performance of the workpiece to be processed, such as whether the material is metal or non-metal, and the hardness, rigidity, plasticity, toughness and wear resistance of the machined material.
The next thing to consider is the type of processing technology established by the mechanical processing plant. When machining parts, choose CNC turning, drilling, CNC milling, boring or roughing, semi-finishing, finishing and super finishing, etc. Processing technology to determine the suitable tool.

There are also information about machining workpieces, cutting amount that the tool can withstand, and various auxiliary factors. What is the geometry of the workpiece, the size of the machining allowance, the technical requirements and economic indicators of the parts. There are three main elements of tool cutting usage, including spindle speed, cutting speed, and cutting depth; auxiliary factors including operating interruption time, vibration frequency, power fluctuations or sudden interruptions, etc., also need to be considered.

In mechanical processing in a mechanical processing plant, the accuracy of the position of the processed surface on other surfaces is mainly determined by the clamping of the workpiece. Direct aligning and clamping is a clamping method that directly aligns the position of the machined workpiece on the machine tool with a dial indicator, a marking plate or visual inspection.

Scribing line alignment and clamping is to first draw the center line, symmetry line and the processing line of each surface to be processed on the blank according to the part drawing, then install the workpiece on the machine tool, and align the workpiece on the machine tool according to the drawn line The clamping position. This clamping method has low productivity, low accuracy, and high technical requirements for workers. It is generally used for processing complex and bulky parts in small batch production, or where the blank size tolerance is large and cannot be directly clamped by fixtures.

Clamping with fixtures is specially designed according to the requirements of the process to be processed. The positioning elements on the fixture can quickly occupy the correct position of the workpiece relative to the machine tool and the tool. There is no need to correct the positioning accuracy of the workpiece. The clamp has high productivity and high positioning accuracy, but it is necessary to design and manufacture special clamps, which are widely used in mechanical processing plants for batch and mass production.