Summarize a series of problems in CNC machining and explain the introduction

Regarding CNC machining, there are many questions, such as: How to monitor and adjust during the machining process? How to choose processing tools reasonably? What are the major factors of cutting amount? How many kinds of materials are there for knives? How to determine the speed, cutting speed, and cutting width of the tool? What is the function of the processing procedure sheet? What should be included in the processing program list? How to answer these questions is an important question, so the editor found some information from the Internet and summarized them. The following will answer these questions separately. The specific content is as follows. 1. How to monitor and adjust during processing? After the workpiece is aligned and the program is debugged, it can enter the automatic processing stage. In the automatic machining process, the operator should monitor the cutting process to prevent abnormal cutting from causing workpiece quality problems and other accidents. Therefore, the monitoring of the cutting process mainly considers the following aspects: (1) Machining process monitoring The main consideration for rough machining is the rapid removal of excess margin on the surface of the workpiece. In the automatic machining process of the machine tool, according to the set cutting amount, the tool automatically cuts according to the predetermined cutting path. At this time, the operator should pay attention to observe the cutting load changes in the automatic machining process through the cutting load table, adjust the cutting amount according to the bearing capacity of the tool, and exert the efficiency of the machine tool. (2) Monitoring of cutting sound during cutting In the automatic cutting process, generally when cutting is started, the sound of the tool cutting the workpiece is stable, continuous, and brisk. At this time, the movement of the machine tool is stable. As the cutting process progresses, when there are hard spots on the workpiece, tool wear, or tool clamping, the cutting process becomes unstable. The unstable performance is that the cutting sound changes, and the tool and the workpiece will collide with each other. Sound, the machine tool will vibrate. At this time, the cutting amount and cutting conditions should be adjusted in time. When the adjustment effect is not obvious, the machine tool should be suspended to check the condition of the tool and workpiece. (3) Finishing process monitoring Finishing mainly refers to the processing size and surface quality of the workpiece, the cutting speed is higher, and the feed rate is larger. At this time, attention should be paid to the impact of built-up edge on the machined surface. For cavity machining, attention should also be paid to over-cutting and cutting at corners. To solve the above problems, one is to pay attention to adjusting the spray position of the cutting fluid, so that the machined surface is always in the cooling condition; the other is to pay attention to the quality of the machined surface of the workpiece, and adjust the cutting amount to avoid the quality as much as possible. Variety. If the adjustment still has no obvious effect, the machine should be shut down to check whether the original program is reasonable. (4) Tool monitoring The quality of the tool largely determines the processing quality of the workpiece. In the automatic machining and cutting process, it is necessary to judge the normal wear condition and abnormal damage condition of the tool through methods such as sound monitoring, cutting time control, pause inspection during cutting, and workpiece surface analysis. According to the processing requirements, the cutting tools should be processed in time to prevent the processing quality problems caused by the cutting tools not being processed in time. 2. How to choose processing tools reasonably? What are the major factors of cutting amount? How many kinds of materials are there for knives? How to determine the speed, cutting speed, and cutting width of the tool? When plane milling, you should choose non-reground carbide end mills or end mills. In general milling, try to use the second pass for processing, and use the end mill for rough milling for the second pass, and continue to pass along the surface of the workpiece. The width of each pass is recommended to be 60%-75% of the tool diameter. End mills and end mills with carbide inserts are mainly used for processing bosses, grooves and box mouth surfaces. Ball knives and round knives are often used to process curved surfaces and variable bevel contours. The ball knife is mostly used for semi-finishing and finishing. Round knives inlaid with cemented carbide tools are mostly used for roughing. 3. What is the function of the processing procedure sheet? What should be included in the processing program list? The processing procedure sheet is one of the contents of the numerical control processing technology design, and it is also a procedure that needs to be observed and executed by the operator. It is a specific description of the processing procedure. The selected tool should be paid attention to. In the processing program list, it should include: drawing and programming file name, workpiece name, clamping sketch, program name, tool used in each program, cutting depth, processing nature, theoretical processing time, etc. Unless specified, the article is the original text of Tiecheng Machinery CNC Machining Center, welcome to reprint! Please indicate the address of this article for reprinting, thank you. 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