Decrypt the structure of CNC turning and milling machine tool

The turning-milling composite CNC machine tool refers to a machine tool that can complete both turning and milling. It can be used as a lathe and a milling machine. The current vertical machining center and horizontal machining center are both turning, milling, drilling, and boring composite machine tools.

The current turning-milling composite CNC machine tools are mainly manifested in two different types, one is a combination of different processing methods based on energy or movement mode; the other is based on the principle of process concentration and mechanical Processing technology-based composite, turning and milling composite processing is one of the most rapidly developing processing methods in this field in recent years.

Machining center: mainly for milling! Only X; Y; Z three-axis linkage Z-axis is generally a power axis. Spindle (horizontal plus; special machine is not in this example) Turning and milling compound machine: also called 5-axis dual-power head machining center. In addition to milling, it can also be turned! This machine was first used to process propellers! Should be in order to avoid loss of accuracy and loss of reference caused by two clampings!

The CNC turning and milling compound machine tool is a main model of the compound processing machine tool. In addition to the functions of the CNC lathe, it can also complete surface milling, drilling, tapping, straight groove, spiral groove and tooth milling, etc., with turning Compound functions such as, milling and boring can realize the processing concept of one-time clamping and complete completion.

CNC machine tools that meet all of the following characteristics are turning and milling CNC machine tools:

1. The spindle motor adopts a servo motor, and the rotation movement and feed movement of the spindle can be linked.

2. In addition to the turret tool post equipped with CNC lathes, at least a power tool or an independent power tool post should be equipped.

The turning center is generally a turning-milling compound machine tool.

Advantages

(1) Shorten the product manufacturing process chain and improve production efficiency.

The CNC turning-milling compound center can be equipped with a variety of special tools. The new tool arrangement reduces the tool change time and improves the processing efficiency. The turning-milling compound processing can complete all or most of the processing procedures at one time, thus greatly shortening Product manufacturing process chain. In this way, on the one hand, the production assistance time caused by the change of the installation card is reduced, and the manufacturing cycle and waiting time of the tooling fixture are also reduced, which can significantly improve the production efficiency.

The machining efficiency of the CNC turning-milling composite center can be used. The new CNC turning-milling composite center can be loaded with more special processing tools. The tool arrangement is completely different from the previous traditional CNC processing machinery, which can greatly reduce the tool change time. Improve processing efficiency, turning and milling combined processing can complete all or most of the processing procedures at one time, thereby greatly shortening the product manufacturing process chain.

(2) Reduce the number of clamping and improve processing accuracy.

The reduction in the number of card installations avoids the accumulation of errors due to the conversion of positioning benchmarks. At the same time, most of the current turning-milling composite processing equipment has the function of online detection, which can realize the in-position detection and precision control of key data in the manufacturing process, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the product; the high-strength integrated bed design improves the difficulty Gravity processing capacity of cutting materials; the turning-milling compound machine tool is equipped with an automatic feeding device, which can realize automatic feeding and continuous, basically realizing the assembly line operation of a single machine tool.

When turning and milling, the tool performs intermittent cutting, which can obtain relatively short cuts for workpieces formed of any material, and it is easy to automatically remove chips. In addition, the intermittent chips can allow the tool to have sufficient time to cool down, reduce the thermal deformation of the workpiece, and can also increase the service life of the tool. Compared with traditional CNC machine tools, turning and milling has a higher speed, better quality of cut products, reduced cutting force, improved precision of thin-walled rods and slender rods, and high quality of workpiece forming.

Since the cutting speed can be decomposed into the rotation speed of the workpiece and the rotation speed of the tool, according to the mechanical characteristics, the same processing effect can be achieved by increasing the rotation speed of the tool and reducing the rotation speed of the workpiece. This feature is for large forgings. The blank processing is particularly effective, because the reduction of the forging blank speed can eliminate the vibration or the periodic change of the radial cutting force caused by the eccentricity of the workpiece, thereby ensuring the smooth cutting of the workpiece and reducing the error in the processing of the workpiece.

When the turning and milling compound machine tool is processing the workpiece, the low rotation speed of the workpiece can effectively reduce the centrifugal force of the workpiece, avoid the deformation of the workpiece, and help improve the machining accuracy of the parts. Large longitudinal feeds can be used in turning and milling processing to obtain precise cutting, and the surface roughness can also be effectively guaranteed. The turning and milling compound machine tool can use turning, milling, drilling, boring and other different methods to realize workpiece processing. It can complete multi-face machining tasks with one clamping and ensure machining accuracy.

(3) Reduce floor space and reduce production costs.

The compact and beautiful appearance design improves the use of space, and makes maintenance and repair more convenient to maximize customer satisfaction; although the single unit price of the turning-milling composite processing equipment is relatively high, it is due to the shortening of the manufacturing process chain and product requirements The reduction of equipment, as well as the reduction of the number of fixtures, workshop area and equipment maintenance costs, can effectively reduce the overall fixed asset investment, production operation and management costs.

Secondly, the production cost savings of CNC turning and milling center machine tools can also be seen. The compact design improves the use of the site and makes maintenance more convenient. At present, a single CNC turning and milling machine The equipment price of the compound center is relatively high, but the reduction of the equipment and maintenance expenses required for the manufacturing process and the instant level can well control the production operation and management costs.