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How to choose blanks for precision mechanical parts processing
by：Foxron
2021-11-11
1. Casting
Blanks of parts with complex shapes should be manufactured by casting methods. At present, most castings are sand casting, divided into wood mold manual molding and metal mold machine molding. Wooden mold manual casting has low precision, large processing area and low production efficiency, and is suitable for single-piece small-batch production or large-scale parts casting. The metal mold machine has high forming productivity and high casting accuracy, but the equipment cost is high, and the weight of castings is also limited. It is suitable for mass production of small and medium-sized castings. Secondly, small castings with high quality requirements can be cast in special castings, such as die casting, centrifugal manufacturing and investment casting.
Two, forgings
For steel parts with high mechanical strength, forged blanks are usually used. There are two types of forgings: free forgings and forgings. Free forging forgings can be obtained by manual forging (small blanks), mechanical hammer forging (medium blanks) or pressure forging (large blanks). Forgings have low precision, low productivity, large machining allowance, simple part structure, suitable for single batch and small batch production, and large forgings can also be manufactured.
The precision and surface quality of die forgings are better than that of free forgings, and the shape of forgings may be more complicated, which reduces the machining allowance. Die forging is more effective than free forging, but requires special equipment and forging dies, so it is suitable for medium and large forgings.
Third, personal information
The profile can be divided into special profiles such as round steel, square steel, hexagonal steel, flat steel, angle steel, channel steel, I-beam and so on. There are two types of profiles: hot rolled and cold drawn. Hot-rolled profiles have low precision, but low prices, and are used for blanks for general parts; cold-drawn profiles are small in size, high in accuracy, and easy to realize automatic feeding, but the price is high. They are mainly used for mass production and are suitable for automatic machine tool processing.
Four, welding parts
The welding part is a joint obtained by welding. The welding has the advantages of simple manufacturing, short cycle and saving materials. The disadvantages are poor vibration resistance, large deformation, and can be machined after aging treatment
Blanks of parts with complex shapes should be manufactured by casting methods. At present, most castings are sand casting, divided into wood mold manual molding and metal mold machine molding. Wooden mold manual casting has low precision, large processing area and low production efficiency, and is suitable for single-piece small-batch production or large-scale parts casting. The metal mold machine has high forming productivity and high casting accuracy, but the equipment cost is high, and the weight of castings is also limited. It is suitable for mass production of small and medium-sized castings. Secondly, small castings with high quality requirements can be cast in special castings, such as die casting, centrifugal manufacturing and investment casting.
Two, forgings
For steel parts with high mechanical strength, forged blanks are usually used. There are two types of forgings: free forgings and forgings. Free forging forgings can be obtained by manual forging (small blanks), mechanical hammer forging (medium blanks) or pressure forging (large blanks). Forgings have low precision, low productivity, large machining allowance, simple part structure, suitable for single batch and small batch production, and large forgings can also be manufactured.
The precision and surface quality of die forgings are better than that of free forgings, and the shape of forgings may be more complicated, which reduces the machining allowance. Die forging is more effective than free forging, but requires special equipment and forging dies, so it is suitable for medium and large forgings.
Third, personal information
The profile can be divided into special profiles such as round steel, square steel, hexagonal steel, flat steel, angle steel, channel steel, I-beam and so on. There are two types of profiles: hot rolled and cold drawn. Hot-rolled profiles have low precision, but low prices, and are used for blanks for general parts; cold-drawn profiles are small in size, high in accuracy, and easy to realize automatic feeding, but the price is high. They are mainly used for mass production and are suitable for automatic machine tool processing.
Four, welding parts
The welding part is a joint obtained by welding. The welding has the advantages of simple manufacturing, short cycle and saving materials. The disadvantages are poor vibration resistance, large deformation, and can be machined after aging treatment
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